LL-37 5mg

For research use only — not for human or veterinary use.

Analytical Verification (COA)

Each batch of LL-37 supplied by Grail Formula undergoes independent third-party laboratory verification to confirm compound identity, assay content, purity and microbiological safety. Analytical testing for this batch was performed by Liquilabs s.r.o. (Czechia) using validated chromatographic and spectrometric techniques. Batch: GF122025094 Key analytical results include:

• Assay Content: 5.72 mg
• Identification – Retention Time: 0.992
• Identification – Spectrum: 995
• Purity: greater than 99.8 percent
• Bacterial Endotoxins: below 0.001 EU per mg
• Total Aerobic Microbial Count: not detected
• Total Yeast and Mold Count: not detected

Independent heavy metal screening confirmed no detectable levels of arsenic, cadmium, cobalt, lead, nickel, mercury or vanadium. These analytical procedures ensure traceability, purity verification and laboratory-grade compound consistency.

Product Overview

LL-37 is a synthetic peptide frequently studied in controlled laboratory environments investigating antimicrobial peptides and innate immune signalling systems. The compound belongs to the class of host defense peptides known as cathelicidins, which are involved in biological signalling processes related to immune system regulation and cellular defence mechanisms. This preparation contains 5 mg of high purity lyophilized peptide supplied in a sealed research vial. The lyophilization process preserves peptide stability and allows researchers to reconstitute the compound for controlled in vitro experimentation. Because of its defined peptide structure and stable analytical profile, LL-37 has become a widely referenced compound in experimental research models studying antimicrobial peptides and immune signalling pathways.

Compound Overview

LL-37 is a synthetic analogue of the naturally occurring human cathelicidin peptide. Cathelicidins are antimicrobial peptides produced by immune cells and epithelial tissues and are involved in various signalling mechanisms associated with innate immune defence. In biochemical research environments, LL-37 is frequently studied for its interaction with cellular membranes, immune signalling pathways and peptide-mediated regulatory systems. These experimental models allow scientists to investigate molecular signalling mechanisms associated with host defense peptides and cellular immune communication networks.

Historical Background and Scientific Context

Scientific interest in host defense peptides expanded significantly during the late twentieth century as molecular biology techniques advanced. Researchers studying innate immune systems identified several antimicrobial peptides that play important roles in cellular defence and signalling pathways. Among these molecules, the human cathelicidin peptide LL-37 became widely studied due to its role in host defense signalling and cellular regulatory systems. As laboratory techniques improved, synthetic forms of LL-37 began to be used in experimental research investigating peptide-mediated immune signalling and cellular communication processes.

Mechanistic Focus in Research

Within experimental laboratory settings, LL-37 is commonly investigated in relation to antimicrobial peptide signalling and cellular defence mechanisms. Research investigations commonly explore the compound in experimental models examining:

• Host defense peptide signalling pathways
• Innate immune system regulatory networks
• Cell membrane interaction dynamics
• Peptide-mediated cellular signalling systems
• Comparative antimicrobial peptide research
• Immune communication pathway modelling
• Peptide interaction with cellular regulatory processes

These experimental models allow scientists to investigate molecular signalling systems involved in innate immune regulation and cellular defence pathways.

Research Applications

In controlled research environments, LL-37 may be utilised in experimental models designed to explore antimicrobial peptides and innate immune signalling pathways. Examples of research applications include:

• Host defense peptide signalling studies
• Cell signalling pathway investigation
• Innate immune system research
• Peptide–membrane interaction studies
• Comparative antimicrobial peptide analysis
• Biochemical signalling pathway modelling
• Controlled in vitro immune signalling experiments

Grail Formula Quality

Every Grail Formula research compound is produced under strict quality control procedures designed to support reliable laboratory experimentation. Each batch undergoes independent analytical testing to verify:

• Compound identity
• Assay accuracy
• Purity confirmation
• Microbial safety
• Endotoxin levels
• Heavy metal screening
• Full batch traceability

All testing is performed by independent laboratories to ensure transparent verification and reproducible research material.

Research Use Limitation

• Used solely for in vitro experiments
• Not permitted for clinical trials involving humans
• Not permitted for human or veterinary administration
• Not permitted for investigational human use

Verified and analysed with Liquilabs s.r.o. (Czechia)
High-purity LL-37 research peptide
Validated assay content 5.72 mg with purity greater than 99.8 percent
Retention time and spectral identification confirmed
Endotoxin levels below 0.001 EU per mg
No detectable heavy metals or microbial growth
For research use only — not for human or veterinary use

For laboratory research only. Not intended for human consumption, injection, or cosmetic use.

This product is for research purposes only. Not for human use or diagnostic/therapeutic applications. Keep out of reach of children.