LL-37 5mg

For research use only — not for human or veterinary use.

Analytical Verification (COA)

Each batch of LL-37 supplied by Grail Formula undergoes independent third-party laboratory verification to confirm peptide identity, assay content, purity and microbiological safety. Analytical testing for this batch was performed by Liquilabs s.r.o. (Czechia) using validated chromatographic, spectrometric and mass spectrometry techniques. Batch: GF-LL375-B241 Key analytical results include:

• Assay Content: 6.17 mg
• Identification – Retention Time: 0.995
• Identification – FTIR Spectrum: 993
• Molecular Ion Mass Identification: 4493 Da
• Purity: greater than 99.8 percent
• Bacterial Endotoxins: 0.003 EU per mg
• Total Aerobic Microbial Count: not detected
• Total Yeast and Mold Count: not detected

Independent heavy metal screening confirmed no detectable levels of arsenic, cadmium, cobalt, lead, nickel, mercury or vanadium. These analytical procedures provide confirmation of identity, purity, batch consistency and laboratory-grade research quality.

Product Overview

LL-37 is a synthetic peptide research compound widely studied in controlled laboratory environments focused on innate immune signalling, host defence peptide biology and molecular communication pathways. The peptide belongs to the cathelicidin family of antimicrobial peptides and has become a recognised subject within peptide-related scientific research. This preparation contains 5 mg of high-purity lyophilized peptide supplied in a sealed research vial. Lyophilization helps preserve peptide stability and allows researchers to reconstitute the material for controlled laboratory experimentation. Due to its defined molecular structure and extensive scientific literature, LL-37 remains one of the most widely investigated host defence peptides in modern peptide research.

Peptide Overview

LL-37 is a synthetic form of a naturally occurring human cathelicidin peptide studied for its involvement in cellular communication and peptide-mediated signalling systems. Within experimental laboratory settings, researchers frequently investigate LL-37 in relation to host defence pathways, cellular signalling mechanisms and peptide interaction networks. The peptide’s well-characterised structure and broad research history have contributed to its continued relevance across multiple areas of biochemical and molecular research. LL-37 continues to be incorporated into experimental models exploring peptide-mediated biological communication and regulatory processes.

Historical Background and Scientific Context

Scientific interest in host defence peptides expanded significantly during the late twentieth century as researchers investigated naturally occurring peptide systems involved in biological regulation and cellular communication. The discovery and characterisation of cathelicidin peptides led to increased interest in understanding their molecular properties and biological signalling functions. LL-37 subsequently became one of the most frequently referenced peptides within this family and continues to be widely investigated in laboratory research. Today, LL-37 remains a recognised peptide compound across numerous areas of molecular and biochemical investigation.

Mechanistic Focus in Research

Within controlled laboratory settings, LL-37 is commonly studied in relation to peptide-mediated signalling pathways and molecular communication systems. Research investigations frequently explore the compound in experimental models examining:

• Host defence peptide signalling
• Cellular communication pathways
• Peptide-receptor interaction dynamics
• Molecular regulatory mechanisms
• Intracellular signalling cascades
• Comparative peptide research
• Biochemical pathway analysis

These experimental approaches allow researchers to investigate biological processes associated with peptide-mediated signalling and molecular regulation.

Research Applications

In controlled research environments, LL-37 may be utilised in experimental models designed to investigate host defence peptide biology and molecular signalling pathways. Examples of research applications include:

• Host defence peptide research
• Cell signalling pathway studies
• Molecular communication investigations
• Peptide interaction analysis
• Biochemical pathway modelling
• Comparative peptide studies
• Controlled in vitro peptide research

These applications are conducted exclusively within laboratory environments and are intended to improve scientific understanding of peptide-mediated biological processes.

Grail Formula Quality

Every Grail Formula research compound is produced and handled according to strict quality standards designed to support reliable laboratory experimentation. Each batch undergoes comprehensive independent analytical testing to verify:

• Peptide identity confirmation
• Assay content verification
• Purity confirmation
• Molecular mass verification
• Microbial safety screening
• Endotoxin analysis
• Heavy metal screening
• Full batch traceability

Independent laboratory verification provides researchers with transparent analytical data and confidence in the consistency of the supplied research material.

When You Choose Grail Formula

When selecting Grail Formula, researchers gain access to independently verified research compounds supported by extensive analytical documentation and batch-specific testing. Our commitment to transparency includes publication of assay results, purity verification, identity confirmation, endotoxin testing, microbial screening, elemental impurity analysis and molecular mass verification. Every batch is supported by a downloadable Certificate of Analysis, providing full traceability and independent verification from Liquilabs s.r.o. Czechia.

Research Use Limitation

• Used solely for laboratory and in vitro research
• Not approved for human consumption
• Not approved for veterinary use
• Not intended for diagnostic purposes
• Not intended for therapeutic applications
• Not permitted for clinical administration
• For research use only

• Independently analysed by Liquilabs s.r.o. Czechia
• Purity greater than 99.8 % confirmed by COA
• Assay content verified at 6.17 mg
• Molecular ion mass identified at 4493 Da
• Endotoxin level measured at 0.003 EU/mg
• No detectable heavy metals or microbial contamination
• LL-37 peptide research compound
• For research use only – not for human or veterinary use

For laboratory research only. Not intended for human consumption, injection, or cosmetic use.

This product is for research purposes only. Not for human use or diagnostic/therapeutic applications. Keep out of reach of children.